Article - Free Trade Agreements

Association Agreement between the EU and the MERCOSUR states

Introduction

Ein Containerschiff setzt am Hafen an.

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The Association Agreement between the European Union and the states of MERCOSUR – Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay – contains provisions on political dialogue, cooperation and trade. After nearly 20 years of negotiations, agreement on the trade section was reached on 28 June 2019.
At present, talks are taking place on an accompanying instrument to the agreement to enhance sustainability aspects. Following agreement and conclusion of the formal legal scrutiny, the agreement will be translated into the official languages of the EU and presented to the Council of the European Union and the European Parliament for approval. If these agree, the ratification process can begin. In the context of ratification, all the national parliaments must approve the agreement.

An agreement for one of the world’s largest free trade areas.

The agreement is of great macroeconomic and strategic importance for Germany. It sends a clear and positive signal against protectionist tendencies and in favour of a rules-based and values-based approach to trade policy. In fact, it is the first ever trade agreement to be concluded by MERCOSUR.
The agreement will create one of the world’s largest free trade areas, with more than 715 million inhabitants (EU: 447 million, MERCOSUR: 270 million). Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay are important sales markets for German firms. The EU is an important trading and investment partner for MERCOSUR. EU companies already have investments worth €380 billion in MERCOSUR countries. The volume of trade between the EU and MERCOSUR amounted to around €120 billion in 2022; the volume of German trade with MERCOSUR stood at around €24 billion.
This means that the agreement is an important pillar for closer economic cooperation. It opens up the possibility for German and EU firms to participate more in the dynamic economic development of the region. Innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in particular will obtain greater legal certainty for their business activities as a result of the agreement.

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Tariffs on 91% of all goods traded between the EU and MERCOSU are eliminated. There are some transitional periods for both sides. According to calculations by the European Commission, the tariff reductions will save European exporters around €4 billion a year.
Also, geographical designations of origin of 357 European foodstuffs are protected in MERCOSUR (e.g. Münchener Bier (Munich beer) or Tiroler Speck (Tyrolean bacon)). The trade agreement does not affect the EU’s high food safety standards. Sensitive agricultural interests are protected. All the imports to the EU must continue to comply with the strict EU rules. EU companies will obtain better access to public tender procedures and EU service providers will enjoy better market access e.g. in the fields of information technology, telecommunications and transport.

The ambitious chapter on sustainable development contains binding rules on work, the environment and the climate. The parties commit to ratifying the fundamental and other relevant agreements of the International Labour Organization, to effectively implementing multilateral environmental agreements including the Paris Climate Agreement and respecting obligations in this regard – for the MERCOSUR countries, this includes rules against deforestation.

The dialogue and monitoring mechanisms laid down in the agreement provide for an institutionalised and regular dialogue between the parties. Civil society and multilateral organisations will be closely involved in the monitoring of the implementation.

Further information

  • Article - Trade Policy

    Article: Internationalen Handel stärken und Barrieren abbauen

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  • Article - Free Trade Agreements

    Article: Aktuelle Freihandelsverhandlungen

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